Interleukin-27 is a potent inhibitor of cis HIV-1 replication in monocyte-derived dendritic cells via a type I interferon-independent pathway.

Interleukin-27 is a potent inhibitor of cis HIV-1 replication in monocyte-derived dendritic cells via a type I interferon-independent pathway.

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IL-27, a member of the IL-12 family of cytokines, plays an important and diverse role in the function of the immune system.Whilst generally recognized as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, in addition IL-27 has been found to have broad anti-viral effects.Recently, IL-27 has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 infection turbo air m3f72-3-n in CD4+ T cells and macrophages.The main objective of this study was to see whether IL-27 has a similar inhibitory effect on HIV-1 replication in dendritic cells (DCs).Monocytes were differentiated into immature DCs (iDCs) and mature DCs (mDCs) with standard techniques using a combination of GM-CSF, IL-4 and LPS.

Following differentiation, iDCs were infected with HIV-1 and co-cultured in the presence or absence of IL-27.IL-27 treated DCs were shown to be highly potent inhibitors of cis HIV-1, particularly of CCR5 tropic strains.Of note, other IL-12 family members (IL-12, IL-23 and IL-35) had no effect on HIV-1 replication.Microarray studies of IL-27 treated DCs showed no up-regulation of Type I (IFN) gene expression.Neutralization of the Type-I IFN receptor had no impact on the HIV inhibition.

Lastly, IL-27 mediated inhibition was shown to act post-viral entry and prior to completion of reverse transcription.These results show for the first time that IL-27 is a potent inhibitor of cis HIV-1 infection in DCs by a Type I IFN independent mechanism.IL-27 has previously been reported to inhibit HIV-1 replication in CD4+ T cells and macrophages, thus taken together, this cytokine is a potent anti-HIV agent against all major cell types bostik mvp targeted by the HIV-1 virus and may have a therapeutic role in the future.